What feature allows you to distribute incoming application traffic across multiple targets in AWS?

The feature that allows you to distribute incoming application traffic across multiple targets is known as Elastic Load Balancing. This service automatically distributes incoming application traffic across multiple targets, such as Amazon EC2 instances, containers, and IP addresses. By balancing the load, it helps ensure that no single target is overwhelmed with too much traffic, which enhances the availability and fault tolerance of your applications.

Elastic Load Balancing operates at various levels of the OSI model and can automatically adjust to traffic patterns, ensuring that the application can smoothly handle fluctuations in demand. Moreover, it integrates with Auto Scaling to enable dynamic addition or removal of targets based on the load, allowing for efficient resource management.

The other options do not specifically address traffic distribution in this manner. Auto Scaling primarily manages the scaling of resources based on demand but does not handle traffic distribution on its own. Amazon S3 is an object storage service and does not operate as a traffic balancer. AWS Route 53 is a domain name system (DNS) web service that primarily routes end users to Internet applications; while it can perform health checks and routing decisions for traffic, it does not distribute traffic in the same way Elastic Load Balancing does.

Therefore, Elastic Load Balancing is the correct answer as it centralizes